Grudziadz No. 2 / Graudentium / Graudentum / Graudenz / Grudziądz

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Results: 16 records

Click to view images and/or subjects

animal - mammal - lion - foliated tail - passant - 8

Scene Description: are they all lions?

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 20 May 2016 in Informacja Turystykzna w Grudziądz [https://itgrudziadz.pl/project/bazylika-sw-mikolaja/] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

design element - motifs - beaded-tape

Scene Description: forming arch-heads above the animals of the underbowl

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 23 July 2021 by Qkiel [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kościół_św._Mikołaja,_Grudziądz_(21c).jpg] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

design element - motifs - floral - 40

Scene Description: five on each of the panels of the octagonal basin

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 23 July 2021 by Qkiel [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kościół_św._Mikołaja,_Grudziądz_(21c).jpg] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

design element - motifs - wavy line

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 23 July 2021 by Qkiel [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kościół_św._Mikołaja,_Grudziądz_(21c).jpg] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

head - 8

Scene Description: human and animal?

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 23 July 2021 by Qkiel [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kościół_św._Mikołaja,_Grudziądz_(21c).jpg] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

view of basin

Scene Description: Source caption: "Kościół św. Mikołaja, Grudziądz."

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 23 July 2021 by Qkiel [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kościół_św._Mikołaja,_Grudziądz_(21c).jpg] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

view of basin

Scene Description: showing the restored basin

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 20 May 2016 in Informacja Turystykzna w Grudziądz [https://itgrudziadz.pl/project/bazylika-sw-mikolaja/] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

view of basin

Scene Description: Source caption: "Combination of representations of the beast on the baptismal bowl (photo and elaborated by F. Hackemer)"

Image Source: digital image by F. Hackemer in Janusz Maciej Nowiński [https://doi.org/10.37190/arc230301] [accessed 28 September 2024]

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

view of church exterior in context - southeast view

Scene Description: Source caption: "Grudziądz, Kościół św. Mikołaja w Grudziądzu"

Image Source: digital photograph 10 September 2022 by Aneta Pawska [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bazylika_Kolegiacka_św._Mikołaja_Bpa_w_Grudziądzu.jpg] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

view of font

Scene Description: norice the pedestal base; it was probably not the original and was replaced by a modern one

view of font

Scene Description: Source caption: "Kościół św. Mikołaja, Grudziądz."

Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 23 July 2021 by Qkiel [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kościół_św._Mikołaja,_Grudziądz_(21a).jpg] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

view of font and cover

Scene Description: the rsetored font on a modern replacement base

Image Source: digital photograph 2020 in pedeka.pl [https://pedeka.pl/grudziadz/] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

view of font and cover in context

Scene Description: Source caption: "Chrzcielnica z XIII w."

Image Source: digital photograph in Seniorka z Plecakiem [https://seniorka-z-plecakiem.pl/grudziadz-10-interesujacych-miejsc-w-centrum-miasta/#htoc-5-bazylika-w-miko-aja] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

view of font and cover in context

Image Source: screen capture of a 2018 YouTube video by Ewa Tracz [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfPzSbQiFsM] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

view of font in context

Scene Description: the restored font; notice the modern replacement base

Image Source: digital photograph in Skajerka (2026) [https://kpbc.umk.pl/Content/221323/Biuletyn KMDG 2016 14 28467 M.Szajerka,Chrzcielnica.pdf] [accessed 25 February 2024)

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

view of font in context

Scene Description: the restored font; notice the modern replacement base

Image Source: digital photograph 20 May 2016 in Informacja Turystykzna w Grudziądz [https://itgrudziadz.pl/project/bazylika-sw-mikolaja/] [accessed 25 February 2024]

Copyright Instructions: PERMISSION NOT AVAILABLE – IMAGE NOT FOR PUBLIC USE

INFORMATION

FontID: 25352GRU

Church/Chapel: Bazylika Kolegiacka św. Mikołaja w Grudziądzu

Church Patron Saints: St. Nicholas of Myra

Church Location: ul. Kościelna 1, 86-300 Grudziądz, Poland

Country Name: Poland

Location: Powiat bydgoski, Województwo kujawsko-pomorskie

Directions to Site: Located off (NW) of the 16-55 crossroads, on the E bank of the Vistula river, about 60 km NE of Bydgoszcz

Font Location in Church: Inside the church, in the nave, S side

Date: n.d.

Century and Period: 13th - 14th century, Late Romanesque / Early Gothic?

Workshop/Group/Artisan: Fröjelgruppen? / Gotland font

Cognate Fonts: [cf. FontNotes]

Credit and Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Pol Herman for his help in documenting this font

Font Notes: Click to view font notes

One of three fonts in this church. Identified by Mehnert (1934) as a baptismal font similar to the one at Fröjel, on Gotland (Sweden), and named cognate font in Poland to those at Lubiana (Alt Libbehne) and Chełmno (Kulm). Catalogued and illustrated in the Katalog Zabytków Sztuki w Polsce, t.11:1974 [cf. infra]. Noted in Krasnodębska (2022) with references to Mehnert, Clasen et al. The entry for the Bazylika Kolegiacka w Grudziądzu [https://bazylika-grudziadz.pl/artykul11] [accessed 25 February 2024] writes about the 13th-century octagonal baptismal font in this church, and cites an entry in the Katalog Zabytków Sztuki w Polsce, t.11:1974; Jest tam następujący zapis: Chrzcielnica z czarą romańską 3 ćwierć w.XIII, gotlandzką, kamienną, ośmioboczną, z płaskorzeźbionym ornamentem kwiatowym, przedstawieniem smoków w polach oraz maszkaronach w narożach.” W załączniku przedstawione są dwie fotografie czary tej chrzcielnicy, które tu powielamy. Ich autorem jest współautor Katalogu Marian Kornecki." At some point the font was damaged and had its base replaced, as noted in Szajerka (2016), who also gives the text of the Katalog entry [cf. supra]: "Chrzcielnica z czarą romańską 3. ćw. w. XIII, gotlandzką (fig.87), kamienną, ośmioboczną, z płaskorzeźbionym rytmicznym ornamentem kwiatowym, przedstawieniem smoków (fig.88) w polach oraz maszkaronów w narożach; podstawa nowa." The font is richly decorated for a Fröjelgruppen font, with additional motifs and patterns above the eight animal figures of the underbowl; a head decorates the top of the arrises of the basin; they are not clearly human or animal and most of them have been restored; stands on a modern replacement base. The octagonal cover appears to be nade of both wood and metal, and has a painted inscription(?) on it. Studied and illustrated in Maciej Nowiński (2023): "The article discusses the study of the baptismal font located next to the presbytery of Saint Nicholas parish church in Grudziądz. The aim of the research conducted in 2023 was to verify current views on its centuries-old history. Our study presents the history of the object, its artistic provenance, iconography and ideological content. Based on the research, it was found that the late Romanesque baptismal bowl is an original work of Gotland provenance, dating back to the 2nd half of the 14th century. Its Gotland origin is evidenced by formal, compositional and iconographic analogies connecting its creator with the style of Gotland workshops known as the socalled Fröjel Group that was active in Gotland and southern Scandinavia around the mid-14th century. The decisive argument for the origin of the baptismal font from Gotland was the petrographic examination of its stone carried out in July 2023, which showed that it was made of Gotland limestone found in the Hoburgen deposits. This work should therefore be treated as an import from Gotland. The article also emphasizes that in order to illustrate the theological message, the creator of the baptismal font – in accordance with the tradition present in his artistic environment – used symbolic representations of animals, the iconography of which and the dramaturgy of actions involving them were taken from the medieval bestiary – Physiologus. The beasts shown on the baptismal font, exorcised by baptism, walk in a row towards Christ symbolized by a lion". [cf. BSI entry for Grudziadz No. 1 for a possibly earlier font in this church]

COORDINATES

Church Latitude & Longitude Decimal: 53.493097, 18.748578

Church Latitude & Longitude DMS: 53° 29′ 35.15″ N, 18° 44′ 54.88″ E

UTM: 34U 350644 5929485

MEDIUM AND MEASUREMENTS

Material: stone, limestone?

Font Shape: octagonal (mounted)

Basin Interior Shape: octagonal

Basin Exterior Shape: octagonal

Drainage Notes: metal insert

LID INFORMATION

Material: wood and metal,

Apparatus: no

Notes: octagonal with cross finial; inscription

REFERENCES

Misterium Światła. Sztuka średniowieczna na Pomorzu / Das Mysterium des Lichts. Mittelalterliche Kunst in Pommern, kat. wyst., Szczecin: Muzeum Narodowe w Szczecinie, 2022

Chrzanowski, T., Katalog Zabytków Sztuki w Polsce, T.XI, województwo bydgoskie, z. 7 powiat grudziądzki, 1974

Clasen, Karl Heinz, Die Mittelalterliche Bildhauerkunst im deutschordensland Preussen, Berlin: Deutscher Verein für Kunstwissenschaft, 1939

Maciej Nowiński, Janusz, "Late Romanesque baptismal font from St. Nicholas Church in Grudziądz -import from Gotland", 2023, Architectus, 2023

Mehnert, Annemarie, Mittelalterliche Taufsteine in Vorpommern, 1934

Szajerka, Marek, "Symbolika figuralna na czarze chrzcielnicy romańskiej w bazylice św. Mikołaja w Grudziądzu", 14 (2016), 467, Biuletyn KMDG (KOŁA MIŁOŚNIKÓW DZIEJÓW GRUDZIĄDZA) KLUB „CENTRUM” SPÓŁDZIELNI MIESZKANIOWEJ, 2016, pp. 1-6; r["References"]