Bazzano

Main image for Bazzano

Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021

Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

Results: 28 records

B01: Christ - Agnus Dei holding processional cross

Scene Description: passant to the right
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

B02: sacrament - baptism - catechumen?

Scene Description: full front; facing the viewer [cf. FontNotes]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

B03: animal - mammal - lion - with prey - rampant-regardant

Scene Description: the mane is arguably a lion's; what is the prey?
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

B04: Virgin Mary - Annunciation?

Scene Description: as suggested in one of the sources [cf. FontNotes] the Annunciation is evidenced by Maty's right hand on her belly and her left hand to her ear, which she may need as Gabriel is at the opposite end of the basin [LocationCode B08]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

B05: Apostle or saint - St. John the Baptist

Scene Description: [cf. FontNotes]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

B06: Christ - haloed - cruciferous halo - right hand raised in benediction - left hand holding book

Scene Description: although rendered almost like a demi-figure the naked feet show at the bottom
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

B07: animal - bird - dove? - 2 - drinking from a vessel - Tree of Life

Scene Description: the vessel is neither a fountain nor a chalice but a beaker of sorts
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

B08: angel - archangel - St. Gabriel

Scene Description: as part of an Annunciation scene with Mary, who is located across the other side of basin [LocationCode B03]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases - detail

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases - detail

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases - detail

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases - detail

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases - detail

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases - detail

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - patterned arch-heads - columns - patterned - columns with capitals and bases - detail

Scene Description: the arch-heads and the columns are patterned but the patterns vary
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

design element - motifs - vine - acanthus?

Scene Description: all around the upper surface of the rim
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

information

Scene Description: [cf. FontNotes]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

information

Scene Description: [cf. FontNotes]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

information

Scene Description: [cf. FontNotes]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

view of basin

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

view of basin

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

view of basin

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

view of church exterior - northwest view

Scene Description: Source caption: "Bazzano (Neviano degli Arduini) - Pieve romanica di Sant'Ambrogio"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Casalmaggiore Provincia, 2014
Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph of 24 August 2014 by Casalmaggiore Provincia [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bazzano_(Neviano_degli_Arduini)_-_Pieve_romanica_di_Sant'Ambrogio_01.jpg] [accessed 5 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

view of church exterior - southeast view - detail

Scene Description: Source caption: "Bazzano (Neviano degli Arduini) - Pieve romanica di Sant'Ambrogio"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Casalmaggiore Provincia, 2014
Image Source: edited digital photograph of 24 August 2014 by Casalmaggiore Provincia [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bazzano_(Neviano_degli_Arduini)_-_Pieve_romanica_di_Sant'Ambrogio_03.jpg] [accessed 5 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

view of font

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

view of font

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

view of font in context

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angeles Leal Arroyo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 24 September 2021 by Angeles Leal Arroyo
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author via Mikel Unanue (e-mail of 4 October 2021)

INFORMATION

FontID: 07946BAZ
Object Type: Baptismal Font1
Church/Chapel: Pieve di Sant’Ambrogio
Church Patron Saints: St. Ambrose
Church Location: Via Pieve, 9, 43024 Bazzano PR, Italy
Country Name: Italy
Location: Parma, Emilia-Romagna
Directions to Site: Located off (W) the SP99, S of Highway E35, 30 km S of Parma
Ecclesiastic Region: Diocesi di Parma
Font Location in Church: Inside the church, in the first chapel on the left
Century and Period: 12th - 13th century, Late Romanesque
Credit and Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Giorgio Zanetti, of Toronto, Canada, for bringing this font to our attention, and to Luca Giordani, of Bologna, Italy [www.studiogiove.org], for his image of the same
Church Notes: present church 12thC, bur a church here was "Menzionata per la prima volta in un documento del 920, la chiesa di Bazzano viene indicata nel 1004 come pieve, titolo conferito alle poche chiese che avevano la facoltà di amministrare il battesimo." [source: http://web-b.ltt.it/portali/duomoparma/duomo/page.asp?IDCategoria=503&IDSezione=2401&ID=57104]; re-built 17thC; modified 18th and 19thC
Font Notes:
Noted and illustrated in Curti ([s.d.]). Baptismal font consisting of an octagonal basin on an equally shaped base, probably carved from a single block of stone; the sides of the basin have deeply carved figures under in an arcade of round arches resting on variously shaped columns (plain, torsade, etc.) with capitals and bases; the arch-heads are also decorated (interlace, foliage, etc.); the short base is also polygonal and appears to be part of the same piece of stone. The web site '43020 Bazzano' [www.43020bazzano.it] identifies the figures as: St. Mary [part of the Annunciation], John the Baptist to the right, Christ, two doves drinking from a vessel, the archangel Gabriel [part of the Annunciation], Agnus Dei, a deacon, a rampant lion with a scroll in its mouth. The web site for the Censimento Beni Storici Apennino Parmense entry for this font [https://scn.caiparma.it/schede/fonte-battesimale-della-pieve-di-santambrogio-neviano-degli-arduini-loc-bazzano-2/] [accessed 5 October 2021] notes: "Il prezioso fonte battesimale è opera di un ignoto scultore che, in epoca medievale, lavorò il materiale lapideo proveniente dalla parete orientale del Monte Lugaro di Bazzano. Stabilire una datazione precisa del manufatto è complicato ed esistono diverse teorie che fanno oscillare le sue origini tra il VIII ed il XII secolo. Il fonte è stato oggetto di un lavoro di restauro nel 2011. La pietra scolpita è collocata all’interno della Pieve di Sant’Ambrogio di Bazzano in prossimità della cappella di sinistra. Viste le dimensioni ridotte della cappella è altamente improbabile che il fonte fosse originariamente ubicato in quella posizione, tuttavia non si conosce quale fosse la sua collocazione originaria all’interno dell’edificio religioso. Il fonte battesimale è alto circa 67 cm ed ha un diametro interno di 80 cm circa. La forma esterna del monoblocco calcareo è ottagonale mentre internamente il fonte battesimale è di forma troncoconica. Ciascun lato dell’ottagono misura dai 47 ai 50 cm circa. La forma scelta deriva dalla simbologia cristiana del numero otto, riferito alla resurrezione di Cristo e a quella dell’uomo che avviene attraverso il Battesimo. Su ciascuna delle otto facce del manufatto sono scolpiti altrettanti personaggi, ognuno dei quali è incorniciato entro due colonne angolari ed un arco decorato a rilievo con un fregio vegetale il quale varia per ciascuna facciata del fonte battesimale. Le colonne sovrastate da archi riprendono la struttura architettonica della loggia che apparteneva ai sarcofagi romani e sono dunque un rimando simbolico al sepolcro romano nel quale il fedele, dopo il Battesimo, ripone il Peccato Originale appartenente alla vecchia vita, per rinascere puro. L’orlo del fonte è anch’esso ampiamente decorato con un fregio che corre per tutto il perimetro della parte più alta del manufatto. Le otto figure scolpite sulle altrettante facce del manufatto sacro sono in relazione tra di loro attraverso la marcata gestualità delle immagini. I personaggi sono rappresentati con uno stile essenziale contrapposto all’esagerazione di alcuni particolari, come ad esempio braccia e mani sproporzionatamente grandi, con l’intento di far parlare l’opera scultorea sottolineando alcuni gesti. I volti dei personaggi sono molto espressivi, con occhi spalancati il cui colore azzurro è ottenuto tramite l’applicazione di piombo sulla pietra. San Giovanni Battista è rappresentato sulla faccia del fonte che durante la cerimonia del battesimo è riservata al sacerdote. Il Santo è l’unico personaggio incorniciato da colonne scanalate e non lisce, il che potrebbe stare a significare il punto di partenza della narrazione. È scolpito con i piedi scalzi, l’aureola e la mano sinistra alzata in gesto oratorio, come se stesse recitando la frase “ecco l’agnello di Dio”. Proprio sulla facciata opposta del fonte ottagonale è rappresentato l’Agnello di Dio, attributo di Giovanni Battista. Seguendo anche per gli altri bassorilievi lo stesso sistema di lettura per contrapposizione vediamo il Cristo Benedicente con in mano in libro della Vita che si contrappone alla figura del catecumeno in attesa di ricevere il battesimo; le due colombe che si abbeverano all’ampolla del Sacro Crisma adagiate sull’Albero della Vita contrapposte alla belva rampante (un leone o forse una manticora) che incarna una simbologia diabolica; un Angelo, probabilmente l’Arcangelo Gabriele, contrapposto alla Vergine rappresentata con una mano sul ventre e la mano sinistra che sorregge l’orecchio, nell’atto di ascoltare l’annuncio dell’Angelo." -- this same source gives two bibliographic sources: 1)Vittor Ugo Canetti, Luigi Lanzi, Sant’Ambrogio di Bazano. Il fonte Battesimale (Edizioni Studio Guidotti, 2014) and 2)Un Batistero Lapideo da valorizzare. Il Restauri del Fonte Medioevale di Bazzano. Neviano Degli Arduini (Parma, MIBACT, 2015).

COORDINATES

Church Latitude & Longitude Decimal: 44.572778, 10.366389
Church Latitude & Longitude DMS: 44° 34′ 22″ N, 10° 21′ 59″ E
UTM: 32T 608490 4936401

MEDIUM AND MEASUREMENTS

Material: stone, sandstone
Number of Pieces: one?
Font Shape: octagonal (mounted)
Basin Interior Shape: round
Basin Exterior Shape: octagonal
Drainage Notes: no lining; small metal insert present

REFERENCES

Curti, Maria Cristina, "Storia di tre chiese e dei loro territori: la pieve di Bazzano, l'oratorio di Moragnano, la parrocchiale di Neviano Arduini", Anno 2: numero 20, Articoli su Monte Piano, [s.d.]