Voxtorp No. 2 / Vaxtorp / Växtorp

Main image for Voxtorp No. 2 / Vaxtorp / Växtorp

Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003

CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

Results: 42 records

Christ - Agnus Dei - with processional cross - passant-regardant

passant to the left
Scene Description: passant to the left
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

angel - crowned

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

animal - fabulous animal or monster - basilisk - foliated tongue

in the left arch here; looking quite like a dove with a dragon's tail
Scene Description: in the left arch here; looking quite like a dove with a dragon's tail
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

animal - fabulous animal or monster - dragon

passant to the right? couchant?
Scene Description: passant to the right? couchant?
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

animal - fabulous animal or monster - lion - two-headed - foliated tail and tongue - passant

in the right arche here; passant to the right; the left head has a floriated tongue which the animal holds with one of its front legs; the right head is in a regardant position and bites the end of the floriated tail
Scene Description: in the right arche here; passant to the right; the left head has a floriated tongue which the animal holds with one of its front legs; the right head is in a regardant position and bites the end of the floriated tail
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

animal - mammal - lion - foliated tail - tongue sticking out - passant-regardant

passant to the right; one front leg raised
Scene Description: passant to the right; one front leg raised
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: edited detail of a digital image [9141-044.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090500.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD-Sweden

animal - mammal - lion - foliated tongue - foliated tail - passant

passant to the left; the end of the tail on its back
Scene Description: passant to the left; the end of the tail on its back
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

animal - mammal - lion - head - devouring human - 4

in the corners of the base; the SHM entry describes them: "lejon bitande över manshuvud"
Scene Description: in the corners of the base; the SHM entry describes them: "lejon bitande över manshuvud"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

cleric - bishop - standing - wearing mitre - holding staff - giving benediction - with bird

Pegelow (1988) suggests it is St Martin, bishop of Tours, accompanied by a goose [NB: trying to avoid being made bishop of Tours Martin hid in a goose pen but the squawking geese gave him away -- todat the 'Martingans' is celebrated -and eaten- in several European countries, including Sweden]
Scene Description: Pegelow (1988) suggests it is St Martin, bishop of Tours, accompanied by a goose [NB: trying to avoid being made bishop of Tours Martin hid in a goose pen but the squawking geese gave him away -- todat the 'Martingans' is celebrated -and eaten- in several European countries, including Sweden]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - 8 - beaded-tape - columns - columns with capitals

all around the basin
Scene Description: all around the basin
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

design element - motifs - foliage

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

design element - motifs - roll moulding

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

design element - motifs - rope moulding

almost completely eroded now
Scene Description: almost completely eroded now
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

design element - motifs - rope moulding

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

human figure - male - fighting a quadruped

a lion? a bear? in the centre, between the corner heads
Scene Description: a lion? a bear? in the centre, between the corner heads
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

human figure - male - fighting a quadruped

a lion? a bear?
Scene Description: a lion? a bear?
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

view of base

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-035.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090489.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of base

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-040.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090495.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of base

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-042.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090497.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of base

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

view of base - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-039.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090494.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-026.TIF] of a 1925 B&W photograph by Oscar Hertzberg, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090478.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-027.TIF] of a 1925 B&W photograph by Oscar Hertzberg, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090479.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-029.TIF] of a 1925 B&W photograph by Oscar Hertzberg, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090482.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-030.TIF] of a 1925 B&W photograph by Oscar Hertzberg, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090483.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-030.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090485.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-033.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090487.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-034.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090488.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-043.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090499.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-044.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090500.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-045.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090501.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - detail

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, detalj, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-046.TIF] of a 1919 B&W photograph by Gotthard Johansson, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090503.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of basin - iconographic program

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image of an illustration in Bolmqvist (1929)
Copyright Instructions: PD

view of church exterior - east view

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital photograph 20 July 2013 by Ulf Klingström [Ulkl] [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_ext3.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-Zero

view of church exterior - southeast view

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Kyrkan mot sydöst."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Kyrkan mot sydöst."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-003.TIF] of a 1937 B&W photograph by Nils Gustaf Gillgren, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090383.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of church exterior in context - southwest view

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © L.G.foto, 2009
Image Source: digital photograph 9 April 2009 by L.G.foto [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrkafrån_luften.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0

view of church interior - looking east

Source caption: " Kyrkorum i Voxtorps kyrka" -- showing the the wooden font in the southeast corner
Scene Description: Source caption: " Kyrkorum i Voxtorps kyrka" -- showing the the wooden font in the southeast corner
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital photograph 20 July 2013 by Ulf Klingström [Ulkl] [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_int2.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-Zero

view of font

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-039.TIF] of an undated B&W photograph by Paul Boberg, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090493.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of font

Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, 1200-talets början."
Scene Description: Source caption: "Voxtorps kyrka [...] Dopfunt av sandsten, 1200-talets början."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image [9141-041.TIF] of a 1937 B&W photograph by Nils Gustaf Gillgren, in the Kulturmiljöbild, Riksantikvarieämbetet [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_-_KMB_-_16000200090496.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: PD Sweden

view of font

Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Statens Historiska Museum, 2003
Image Source: digital image of a photograph in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] [accessed 7 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

view of font and baptismal dish

Source caption: "Medeltida dopfunt i Voxtorps kyrka"
Scene Description: Source caption: "Medeltida dopfunt i Voxtorps kyrka"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: edited detail of a digital photograph 20 July 2013 by Ulf Klingström [Ulkl] [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_int5.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-Zero

view of font and cover in context

Source caption: "Dopfunt i koret i Voxtorps kyrka"
Scene Description: Source caption: "Dopfunt i koret i Voxtorps kyrka"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital photograph 20 July 2013 by Ulf Klingström [Ulkl] [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voxtorps_kyrka_int6.jpg] [accessed 6 October 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-Zero

INFORMATION

FontID: 06250VAX
Object Type: Baptismal Font1
Church/Chapel: Voxtorps kyrka [origin unknown]
Church Location: Voxtorps kyrkby, Centrumvägen 9, 330 15 Bor, Sweden
Country Name: Sweden
Location: Småland, Jönköpings län
Directions to Site: Voxtorp kyrka is located off (S) county road 27 [aka Värnamovägen], 3 km NW of Bor, in the municipality and 7-8 km SE of Värnamo
Ecclesiastic Region: Växjö stift
Historical Region: Östbo härad, Jönköpings län
Font Location in Church: Inside the church, in the nave, by an altar on the N side
Century and Period: 12th - 13th century, Romanesque
Workshop/Group/Artisan: Njudungsgruppen [SHM] / Njudungsgruppen / Bestiarius, Group 3 [Drake]
Church Notes: medieval church demolished and new replacement church built in 1840s; renovated 1930 and 1977
Font Notes:
Noted and illustrated in Blomqvist (1929) in his chapter on 'Huvudmästarnas efterföljare'. Inventoried and illustrated in Borg (2002) as a 'Sunnerbogruppen med Voxtorp II' baptismal font made of sandstone ca. 1170 located in the parish church at Voxtorp, but being of an unkown provenance;oded surfaces and a through horizontal crack in the basin. Described in Drake (2002: 142, 183) as a baptismal of the Bestiarius workshop (Group 3); on the basin, "a bishop with crosieris accompanied by a small bird at his feet and on the same font a crowned angel flies with the right hand raised in blessing". Noted and illustrated in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1] as a 'Njudungsgruppen' baptismal font made of sandstone in the second half of the 12th century and being of unknown provenance; the SHM entry reports that I. Peggelow had suggested in his St Martin (1988) that the bishop figure accompanied by a bird portrayed in one of the arches of this font could be that of St. Martin of Tours, and the bird a goose [="en gås"]. [NB: the font, though located in the parish church at Voxtorp, is of uncertain origin]. There is also a modern baptismal font in this church; it was made of oak and donated to the church in 1911. No cover present.

COORDINATES

Church Latitude & Longitude Decimal: 57.127958, 14.128283
Church Latitude & Longitude DMS: 57° 7′ 40.65″ N, 14° 7′ 41.82″ E
UTM: 33V 447228 6331967

MEDIUM AND MEASUREMENTS

Material: stone, sandstone
Number of Pieces: 2
Font Shape: cylindrical (mounted)
Basin Interior Shape: round
Basin Exterior Shape: round
Drainage Notes: no lining
Diameter (inside rim): 55 cm*
Diameter (includes rim): 72 cm* / 71 cm**
Basin Depth: 32 cm*
Basin Total Height: 41 cm*
Height of Base: 37 cm*
Font Height (less Plinth): 88 cm* / 80 cm**
Notes on Measurements: * Borg (2002) / ** SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910721F1]

REFERENCES

Blomqvist, Ragnar, Studier i Smålands romanska stenkonst, 1929
Borg, Raine, Smålands medeltida dopfuntar, Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2002
Drake, Colin Stuart, The Romanesque Fonts of Northern Europe and Scandinavia, Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 2002