Teverga No. 1 / Santa Maria de Carzana / Teberga / Villanueva de Teverga
Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Results: 45 records
animal - 2 - fighting - lion and stagg - zoomachia
Scene Description: south side of the basin -- the scene is definitely a fight between two animals; the one on the right is a lion, as the tail over the rump attests; the quadruped on the left appears to be a deer or stag, with a very short deer-like tail
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
animal - bird - cockerel - fighting - 2
Scene Description: north side of the basin -- facing each other, in a fighting stand; there is a smaller bird in the lower left hand corner; a chick?
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
animal - bird - passant
Scene Description: under the cockerel on the left, facing right
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
animal - mammal - feline - 2 - face to face
![west side of the basin, close to the west wall -- appear to be felines (at least the one on the right does]](/static-50478a99ec6f36a15d6234548c59f63da52304e5/compressed/1140418069_compressed.png)
Scene Description: west side of the basin, close to the west wall -- appear to be felines (at least the one on the right does]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
design element - motifs - braid or vine
Scene Description: north side of the basin -- the braid spaces are filled with foliage motifs
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
design element - motifs - braid or vine
Scene Description: south side of the basin -- the inner spaces of the braid have mouth-like motifs with saw-tooth motif
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
design element - motifs - vine
Scene Description: west side of the basin; against the wall
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
design element - motifs - vine - acanthus?
Scene Description: east side of the basin -- stylised; interlacing pattern
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
hunting scene - stag or deer hunting? - canids - 2 - herbivore - 1
Scene Description: east side of the basin -- two wolves or dogs chasing a stag/deer/herbivore; all facing right
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
view of basin
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of basin
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of basin - detail
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of basin - detail
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of church exterior - east end
![Source caption: "Iglesia de Santa María de Villanueva [...] Vista exterior de la cabecera"](/static-50478a99ec6f36a15d6234548c59f63da52304e5/compressed/1210811032_compressed.png)
Scene Description: Source caption: "Iglesia de Santa María de Villanueva [...] Vista exterior de la cabecera"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Salvador Fernández Martínez, 2017
Image Source: digital photograph 1 May 2017 by Salvador Fernández Martínez [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_María_de_Villanueva._Vista_exterior_de_la_cabecera.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church exterior in context - northwest view
Scene Description: Source caption: " Iglesia de Santa María (Villanueva)"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_010.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - looking east
Scene Description: Source caption; "Iglesia de Santa María (Villanueva)"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_029.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - looking west
Scene Description: Source caption: "Iglesia parroquial de Villanueva (Teverga, Asturias), declarada monumento Nacional en 1921. Conserva la estructura románica y columnas y capiteles."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Ángel M. Felicísimo, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 27 February 2017 by Ángel M. Felicísimo [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_María_de_Villanueva_(33108710476).jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-2.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_013.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_015.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_017.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_019.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_021.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_022.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_033.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_034.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_043.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Scene Description: Source caption: "Iglesia parroquial de Villanueva (Teverga, Asturias), declarada monumento Nacional en 1921. Conserva la estructura románica y columnas y capiteles."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angel M. Felicísimo, 2017
Image Source: digital photograph 25 February 2017 by Angel M. Felicísimo [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_María_de_Villanueva_(32335946273).jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-2.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Scene Description: Source caption: "Iglesia parroquial de Villanueva (Teverga, Asturias), declarada monumento Nacional en 1921. Conserva la estructura románica y columnas y capiteles."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angel M. Felicísimo, 2017
Image Source: digital photograph 25 February 2017 by Angel M. Felicísimo [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_María_de_Villanueva_(32335946773).jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-2.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Scene Description: Source caption: "Iglesia parroquial de Villanueva (Teverga, Asturias), declarada monumento Nacional en 1921. Conserva la estructura románica y columnas y capiteles."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angel M. Felicísimo, 2017
Image Source: digital photograph 25 February 2017 by Angel M. Felicísimo [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_María_de_Villanueva_(32335948503).jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-2.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Scene Description: Source caption: "Iglesia parroquial de Villanueva (Teverga, Asturias), declarada monumento Nacional en 1921. Conserva la estructura románica y columnas y capiteles."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angel M. Felicísimo, 2017
Image Source: digital photograph 25 February 2017 by Angel M. Felicísimo [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_María_de_Villanueva_(32335949443).jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-2.0
view of church interior - nave - capital
Scene Description: Source caption: "Iglesia parroquial de Villanueva (Teverga, Asturias), declarada monumento Nacional en 1921. Conserva la estructura románica y columnas y capiteles."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Angel M. Felicísimo, 2017
Image Source: digital photograph 25 February 2017 by Angel M. Felicísimo [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_María_de_Villanueva_(32768492730).jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-2.0
view of font
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of font
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of font
Scene Description: Source caption; "Iglesia de Santa María (Villanueva)"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_027.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of font
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © SITOMON, 2015
Image Source: digital photograph 3 April 2015 by SITOMON [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iglesia_de_Santa_María_(Villanueva)_046.jpg] [accessed 11 August 2021]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-4.0
view of font - east side
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
view of font - north side
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
view of font - south side
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
view of font - upper view
Scene Description: showing the drain hole; the interior appears rather odd, as it if was not completed as per de markings that are still visible
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of font in context
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of font in context
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of font in context
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of font in context
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Juan Antonio Olañeta, 2021
Image Source: digital photograph 1 August 2021 by Juan Antonio Olañeta
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (transfer of 10 August 2021)
view of font in context - east side
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
view of font in context - north side
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Mikel Unanue, 2014
Image Source: digital photograph taken 21 April 2012 by Mikel Unanue for BSI
Copyright Instructions: Image and permission received from the author (e-mail of 2 December 2012)
INFORMATION
FontID: 05027TEV
Object Type: Baptismal Font1
Church/Chapel: Iglesia de Santa María [originally Santa María de Carzana]
Church Patron Saints: St. Mary the Virgin
Church Location: 33111 Villanueva de Teverga, Asturias, Spain
Country Name: Spain
Location: Asturias, Principado de Asturias
Directions to Site: Located off the AS-265, 4 km from the village of San Martin de la Plaza, municipality of Teverga, about 40 km SW of Oviedo capital
Ecclesiastic Region: Diocesis de Oviedo
Historical Region: Oviedo
Font Location in Church: Inside the church, at the W end of the N aisle
Century and Period: 11th - 12th century, Romanesque
Cognate Fonts: The font at Beloncio, in the same region, is also square. The font in San Isidoro of León shares some characteristics with this font [cf. FontNotes].
Credit and Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Mikel Unanue and Juan Antonio Olañeta, for their photographs of this font
Font Notes:
Click to view
Baptismal font first described in Miguel Vigil (1987 c1887) with suggested date "Era 1028" based on the transcription of the inscription. Morales & Casares (1977-1978) mention and illustrate a scene in which wolves chase a deer/stag ["lobos que persiguen a un ciervo"] that appears on one of the sides of the baptismal font at Teverga; they (ibid.) refer to the four zoomachia scenes on the sides of the font as independent, though inter-connected via their symbolic character; they (ibid.) describe the scenes thus: 1)East side: cock-fght; 2)South side: wolves running after a deer/stag; 3)West side: two monstruous animals that have snake tails and wolf-like heads with sharp teeth bite each other; 4)North side: two horses confront each other raisng their front legs in fight stance. Morales & Casares (ibid.) refer to Vigil's earlier dating issue, but do not pronounce on this issue and simply state that the church is dated to the 11th century. Described and illustrated in Alvarez Martínez (1990) as an early 11th-century baptismal font; the basin is square at the top with a rounded underbowl ending in a ring which matches the top of the cylindrical pedestal base. The upper sides of the basin are otnamented with foliage motifs; the lower sides, which become the underbowl, are ornamented with a number of animals described in the same source [cf. supra] as: wolves chasing a stag, cockerels in a fighting stand, horses face to face, and another wolf attacking a stag. The same source mentions a hard-to-read inscription and helps to date the font to the earliest phase of the church, the first half of the 11th century. The base appears plain. Viñayo González (1979) informs that some have read the date "1028" in the inscription, and describes the ornamentation as two wolves, two other undefined animals ["dos bichos"] biting each other's necks, a wolf biting the tail of a chamoix/ibex, and two dogs. Described and illustrated in García de Castro (1995) who identifies the stone as quartzite and describes the scenes on the lower register of the basin sidfes as: 1)South side: two canids (dogs or wolfs) chase a roe deer (all facing right); 2)East side: two cockerels confronted in a fight; a passant bird under the left cockerel faces right; 3)West side: a wolf attacks and bites the neck of a herbivore; 4)North side: two herbivores (deer or horses) confronted; also on this side is the inscription that has led to speculation about the dating. García de Castro (ibid.) argues that it is not a dating and that it may actually represent the anagram "XPCO"; GdeC also suggests a dating in the first half of the 11th century and points out a morphological, chronological and stylistical relation to the baptismal font at San Isidoro in León [cf Index entry for Leon No. 2]. Noted and illustrated in Fernández Parrado (2007), who concurs with some of the above authors, and with Fernández González (1995) in the dating of the earlier monastic building to the 11th century; the church passed on to the Oviedo bishopric in the early 13th century. The font probably belongs somewhere between those dates. Alvarez Martínez (2007) remarks on the connection between these zoomachia scenes as symbolising the struggles between humanity and the ubiquitus sin around. The vegetal decoration on the sides above the animal scenes is varied, each side totally different from the other. There is a roll moulding at the bottom of the basin volume. Described and illustrated in the Enciclopedia del románico [https://www.romanicodigital.com/sites/default/files/pdfs/files/asturias_VILLANUEVA_Teverga.pdf] [accessed 11 August 2021]
COORDINATES
Church Latitude & Longitude Decimal: 43.148906, -6.140483
Church Latitude & Longitude DMS: 43° 8′ 56.06″ N, 6° 8′ 25.74″ W
UTM: 29T 732517 4781321
MEDIUM AND MEASUREMENTS
Material: stone, quartzite
Number of Pieces: two
Font Shape: square (mounted)
Basin Interior Shape: round
Basin Exterior Shape: square
Drainage Notes: no lining
Diameter (inside rim): 58 x 66 cm*
Basin Depth: 33 cm* [max. depth]
Basin Total Height: 51 cm*
Height of Base: 53 cm*
Font Height (less Plinth): 104 cm [calculated]
Square Base Dimensions: 60 cm* [diameter of the base]
Trapezoidal Basin: 77 x 82 cm [at the top]** 81 x 87.5 cm* [max.]
Notes on Measurements: *García de Castro (1995: 243) / **Viñayo González (1979: 426), [probably after Miguel Vigil (1987 c1887: 561)]
INSCRIPTION
Inscription Notes: Some have managed to read the date "IXVL" [Era 1028; Era 1039=1001A.D.]; others Christ's anagram "XPCO" [cf. FontNotes]
Inscription Location: on the lower basin side
Inscription Text: IXVL? "XPCO"?
Inscription Source: Miguel Vigil (1987 c1987: 561); Viñayo González (1979: 426); García de Castro (1995: 243-244)
REFERENCES
Alvarez Martínez, María Soledad, "La topografía simbólica de los repertorios figurativos", 2007, pp. 9-44; p. 36
Alvarez Martínez, María Soledad, El románico en Asturias, Gijón: Ediciones Trea, 1999
Fernández González, M. Etelvina, "Problemática en torno a Santa María de Carzana en el concejo asturiano de Teverga", 8 (1995-1996), Asturiensia Medievalia, 1995, pp. 205-238; p. 205ff
Fernández Parrado, María, "Santa María de Carzana: fundación y construcción de un templo románico", 23 (diciembre 2007), Codex Aquilarensis, 2007, pp. 46-63; p. 46ff, figs. 2, 3
García de Castro Valdés, César, Arqueología cristiana de la alta Edad Media en Asturias, Oviedo: Real Instituto de Estudios Asturianos, 1995
Miguel Vigil, Ciriaco, Asturias monumental, epigráfica y diiplomática: datos para la historia de la provincia, Oviedo: Principado de Asturias, Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deportes, Servicio de Publicaciones, 1987
Morales, María Cruz, El románico en Asturias, Salinas, Asturias: Ayalga, 1977-1978
Múñiz López, Iván, "La pila bautismal de tradición prerrománica de Castrillón (Asturias): el control señorial del bautismo", 2 (2007), Territorio, sociedad y poder, 2007, pp. 265-274; p. 273
Viñayo González, Antonio, León y Asturias: Oviedo, León, Zamora y Salamanca, Madrid: Ediciones Encuentro, 1987, c1979