Ghent No. 1 / Gand / Gandavum / Gante / Gent

Image copyright © [in the public domain]
PD
Results: 13 records
New Testament - Childhood and youth of Christ - three Wise Men - visit of the three Wise Men to King Herod
Scene Description: the crowns of two of the three Magi have Greek potent crosses on them; the Magi are in profile; Herod faces full front and carries a large sword in his left hand
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: Ronse (1929: fig. 44) [original from the Photo Service de Documentation du Beffroi, Gand]
Copyright Instructions: PD
Old Testament - Genesis from the creation to the expulsion from paradise, and later years of Adam and Eve - Temptation and Fall - Adam, Eve and the Serpent
angel
Scene Description: The upper surface of the basin was ornamented with "rinceaux soutenus par des anges" as described in Van Lockeren [cf. Font notes]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image of a drawing in Van Lokeren (1852: pl. No. 2)
Copyright Instructions: PD
design element - architectural - building - church
view of basin - upper view
view of church exterior - southeast view - elevation
Scene Description: Source caption: "Sint Baaf / Abdijkerk: Kruiskerk/ abdijkerk tekening exterieur, reproductie uit opgravingen in de Sint Baafsabdij."
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, 2016
Image Source: digital image of a B&W photograph taken by A.H.C. Schollen in 1973 of a drawing [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abdijkerk_tekening_exterieur,_reproductie_uit_opgravingen_in_de_Sint_Baafsabdij._-_Gent_-_20318341_-_RCE.jpg] [accessed 9 September 2016]
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-SA-3.0-NL
view of church exterior in context - plan
Scene Description: Source caption: "Sint-Baafsabdij, Gent, plattegrond [...] 13 April 1912 (publication)"
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image of a plan, 13 April 1912 (publication) [broken URL http://libserv.tudelft.nl/tresor/books/Architectuur/De_Opmerker/dvd3/mm0_0004/mm0_012f.jpg] [accessed 9 September 2016]
Copyright Instructions: GFDL / CC-BY-SA-3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0
view of church interior - nave - looking east
Scene Description: This image shows what remains of the church interior now; at the far end, where the white parapet is, would have been the main altar; the trees on the right stand in place of the original columns of the south aisle arcade; the plaque on the foreground shows the abbey church plan.
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Paul Hermans, 2008
Image Source: digital photograph taken 25 July 2008 by Paul Hermans [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SintBaafsGent_27-07-2008_17-08-06.JPG] [accessed 9 September 2016]
Copyright Instructions: GFDL / CC-BY-SA-3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0
view of context
Scene Description: the undated postcard shows the west end of the interior of the former refectory being used as lapidary museum
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Delcampe Luxembourg SA, 2016
Image Source: digital image of an undated postcard in Delcampe [http://images-00.delcampe-static.net/img_large/auction/000/335/455/451_001.jpg] [accessed 9 September 2016]
Copyright Instructions: No known copyright restriction / Fair Dealing
view of font
view of font in context
Scene Description: the undated postcard shows the east end of the interior of the former refectory being used as lapidary museum; there is a font visible in it, but it is not the Romanesque font of the abbey
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Delcampe Luxembourg SA, 2016
Image Source: digital image of an undated postcard in Delcampe [http://images-02.delcampe-static.net/img_large/auction/000/380/417/740_001.jpg] [accessed 9 September 2016]
Copyright Instructions: No known copyright restriction / Fair Dealing
view of font in context
Scene Description: the object in the foreground, left side, appears to be an arrangement of the fragments of the old font on a square supporting structure
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Delcampe Luxembourg SA, 2016
Image Source: digital image of an undated postcard in Delcampe [http://images-00.delcampe-static.net/img_large/auction/000/381/001/754_001.jpg] [accessed 9 September 2016]
Copyright Instructions: No known copyright restriction / Fair Dealing
view of font in context
Scene Description: the former refectory of the abbey is now a lapidary museum in which the fragments of the font and many other remains are kept
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Paul Hermans, 2008
Image Source: digital photograph taken 25 July 2008 by Paul Hermans [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/SintBaafsGent_27-07-2008_16-53-18.JPG] [accessed 9 September 2016]
Copyright Instructions: GFDL / CC-BY-SA-3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0
INFORMATION
FontID: 02840GHE
Object Type: Baptismal Font1 (fragment)
Museum and Inventory Number: Musée lapidaire de l'abbaye de St-Bavon
Church/Chapel: Sint-Baafsabdij [now in the Abbaye de Saint-Bavon]
Church Patron Saints: St. Bavo [aka Allowin, Baaf, Bavo of Ghent, Bavon, Bavonius]
Church Location: Voorhoutkaai, 9000 Gent, Belgium
Country Name: Belgium
Location: Oost-Vlaanderen / Flandre Est, Vlaanderen / Flandres
Directions to Site: the old abbey remains are located near the cathedral, a 10-min. walk
Ecclesiastic Region: Bisdom Gent / Diocèse de Gand
Font Location in Church: Originally found in the lapidary collection of the abbey ruins. Later moved to the museum of the Abbaye de St-Bavon
Century and Period: 12th century, Romanesque
Workshop/Group/Artisan: Tournai font
Cognate Fonts: East Meon (Hants., England)
Credit and Acknowledgements: We are grateful to the erudite churchwarden at Sint-Baafskatedraal for his assistance in our visit to the nearby Abbey. We are also grateful to Pol Herman for his help in documenting this font
Church Notes: According to Ronse (1929: 31), the ancient church of Saint-Sauveur / Heiligen Kerstkerk was demolished in 1540 and rebuilt on a different site by orders of, and paid for, Charles V.
Font Notes:
Click to view
A set of fragments of an old font here are described and illustrated in Van Lokeren (1852): "Les fragments [...] ont appartenu à des fonts circulaires à pans historiés: le diamètre de la cuve est de 91 centimètres. Ces fragments sont cotés, et les numéros se rapportent à d'autres marqués sur le plan désignant la place qu'ils y occupaient. Le parement supérieur est orné de feuilles, arrangées avec symétrie et soutenues par des génies. Les faces historiées sont la reproduction, à ce que nous pensons, de légendes dont le texte nous est inconnu. Toutefois il est probable que le fragment placé au haut de la planche, représente notre mère Éve, prenant la pomme, qui lui est présentée par le démon sous la forme d'un dragon. Il nous est impossible de dire ce que représentent les autres personnages de ces fragments: ces quatre rois au no. 1, dont l'un est armé d'un énorme glaive, sont-ce les frères Aymon? Nous abandonnons à d'autres l'explication de cette énigme. Mais le caractère du monument qui s'y trouve reproduit, est assez bien arrêté dans tous ses détails, pour pouvoir en fixer l'époque. C'est du plein cintre pur, c'est la construction romane, en vigueur jusque vers l'an 1090." Van Lokeren (ibid.) further notes the similarities of this font with those in England at Winchester Cathedral, East Meon and Brighton, and suggests dating it to "au temps de l'évéque Walkclyn, lors de la conquête de Guillaume le Normand" [NB: Walkelin [aka Walchelin / Vauquelin / Gauquelin], first Norman bishop of Winchester, 1070-1098]. Van Lokeren (ibid.) further suggests that the font to which these fragments belong may have been originally at the "chapelle St-Macaire", a little chapel on the grounds of the old abbey believed to have been used as baptistery untli the completion of the parish church, or, alternatively, to the Eglise de St-Sauveur that was consecrated in 1072. Noted in Cloquet's (1895) after Van Lokeren [cf. supra] and mentions scenes from Genesis: Adam and Eve' temptation and expulsion from Eden; also the Adoration of the Magi. The fragments of the font were moved to the lapidary museum which occupies the former refectory of the Abbaye de Saint-Bavon. The base of the font is mentioned in E.J. Soil de Moriamé's Les anciennes industries d'art tournaisiennes à l'exposition de 1911, in Annales de la Société historique et archéologique de Tournai, 1912, Volume 15. Ronse (1929) describes and illustrates this font; he quotes from Van Lokeren' s Histoire de l'Abbaye de St-Bavon et de la crypte de St-Jean à Gand, 1855: "The font was mounted on a single stem, either square or cylindrical. The upper facing was ornamented with foliage held by angels" [our translation]. Ronse relates that out of the debris found, two of the panels of the basin were reconstructed: 1)the Temptation and Fall, and 2)the encounter of the Magi with King Herod [cf. Images area]. [On-site notes: we did not manage to get access to the lapidary of the old Abbey in our visit here, but we were able to ascertain that the 'Tournai' font in the nearby cathedral of Sint-Baaf is actually a modern replica of the font at Termonde/Dendermonde].
A communication from Pol Herman to BSI (e-mail of 29 September 2022) informs that the base "was last seen in 1970 by Jean-Claude Ghislain in the crypt of the Sint-Baafs Cathedral at Gent, who made a sketch of it. Today nobody can find it anymore." [NB: a copy of two e-mails from Ghislain to Pol Herman are included below:
On 12 September Ghislain wrote to Pol Herman: "La cuve fragmentaire découverte en 1852 à l'abbaye de Saint-Bavon est actuellement exposée au STAM. La base pour cinq supports est citée en 1912 par Soil de Moriamé, associée aux fragments de la cuve. Selon J. Baldewijns, conservateur de l'abbaye Saint-Bavon en 1981, elle ne fut pas conservée. Vers 1970, je l'ai vue et dessinée dans la crypte de la cathédrale Saint-Bavon, où un dépôt lapidaire fut transféré il y a plus de cinquantaine d'années. Le recteur de la cathédrale, Ludo Collin, m'a écrit l'année passée qu'il n'a pas connaissance d'une base de fonts romans entre les objets en pierre exposés contre les murs de la crypte, mais on peut aller vérifier sur place."
On 21 September 2022 the e-mail from Ghislain to Pol Herman reads: "Vérification faite sur place à la cathédrale de Gand, la base romane pour fonts à cinq supports ne s'y trouve pas. Sachant qu'elle n'est plus à l'abbaye Saint-Bavon, je présume qu'elle a disparu, éventuellement brisée au cours de divers déplacements."]
COORDINATES
Church Latitude & Longitude Decimal: 51.053889, 3.736111
Church Latitude & Longitude DMS: 51° 3′ 14″ N, 3° 44′ 10″ E
UTM: 31U 551592 5656075
MEDIUM AND MEASUREMENTS
Material: stone, limestone (black and blue) (Tournai marble)
Number of Pieces: fragments
Font Shape: square (mounted)
Basin Interior Shape: round
Basin Exterior Shape: square
Drainage Notes: Probably a centre hole like most Tournai fonts
Diameter (inside rim): 91 cm*
Notes on Measurements: * Van Lokeren (1852)
REFERENCES
Cloquet, Louis, "Fonts de baptême romans de Tournai", 45, Revue de l'art chrétien, 1895, pp. 308-320; p. 314-315
Cloquet, Louis, "Travaux des sociétés savantes: Comité des travaux historiques", 40, Revue de l'art chrétien, 1890, pp. 415-420; p. 416
Ronse, F. T., Les fonts baptismaux de Zedelghem et les fonts romans tournaisiens du XIIe siècle, Bruges: Apostolat liturgique, 1929
Van Lokeren, Auguste, Imagerie de portail de l'ancienne abbaye de Saint-Bavon, à Gand, et quelques fragments d'anciens fonts baptismaux, Gand: Hebbelynck, 1852