Sjonhem No. 1 / Sianeym / Synförmåga
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CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
Results: 113 records
B01: New Testament - Childhood and youth of Christ - three Wise Men - adoration of the kings?
Scene Description: In this scene there are four figures, full frontal, all haloed, all dressed in long complex, rich garments. The two figures on the left hold a staff with a knob. The figure on the extreme right is seated/enthroned. Roosval (1918) suggests it is the interrogation of the Magi by Herod, but the seated figure is haloed, therefore not Herod. Is it the Madonna and Child? Christ enthroned?
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
B01: New Testament - Childhood and youth of Christ - three Wise Men - adoration of the kings?
B02: New Testament - events from Resurrection to Pentecost - the supper at Emmaus
Scene Description: In the centre there is a standing figure with right hand raised and palm showing - benediction gesture? To the right on the lower part of the composition there is a rectangular object, table?, covered in cloth. There are three chalices on it; the lower part has pleats; above it, three figures; all badly worn. To the left of the centre figure the scene is divided by a rectangular frame - horizontal bar with two figures and below it again a rectangular shape - smaller. With one figure to the left of it and perhaps another to the right, although this is hard to tell; table has pleats. Could this be either the wedding at Cana or the Last Supper? Roosval (1918) suggests the Eucharist or Lord's Supper [="Abendmahl].
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
B03: unidentified - detail
Scene Description: On the right half of the composition at the top, appears to be a bed, with two infants. Below this is a rectangular frame. In this is a scene of a woman reclining in a bed and a second figure to the far right, seated. Their hand point upward and palms open. There is no evidence of haloes. This may be an old testament scene - birth of Cain and Abel?
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
B03: unidentified
Scene Description: To the left a figure standing in 2/3 profiile, the right arm bent at elbow backwards and hand at thigh height - could be holding something - ? Bare legs appear and toes on the person's feet are articulated. To the right of that figure, 2/3 pose, wears a skirt to the knees, both feet are bare with toes evident. The right arm in the same position as the previous figure. On the right half of the composition at the top, appears to be a bed, with two infants. Below this is a rectangular frame. In this is a scene of a woman reclining in a bed and a second figure to the far right, seated. Their hand point upward and palms open. There is no evidence of haloes. This may be an old testament scene - birth of Cain and Abel?
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
B04: New Testament - Childhood and youth of Christ - three Wise Men - visit of the three Wise Men to King Herod - holding pilgrims staffs
Scene Description: Four figures are in the scene. The figure on the far left side of the composition is enthroned. The second is kneeling or standing with a staff. The two figures to the right are standing, carrying staffs. They might have been haloed. All are robed. The figure on the throne wears a pair of shoes. The others appear to be barefoot.
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
B05: human figure - 2 - working - ploughing
Scene Description: On the left half of the composition, a pair of four legged animals, tied together at shoulders - pulled by one bridle. It seems to pull a plow. To the right is a figure, standing, haloed, wearing a short-knee length garment, holds plough handle and one hand goes back holding a whip? There is another figure above the plough. The upper body is haloed and remnants of arm pointing to the left - toward the oxen and straight ahead. (Josiah was called by the lord, dropped the plough and called to lead the army?).
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
B06: unidentified
BU01: human figure - male - with serpent - cloth over his head - symbol - personification of night?
Scene Description: a figure, stands frontal, arms spread like the previous figures, holding a large cloth over the head and to the sides; the large cloth could be a serpent with head and extremities. The figure appears male and in a victorious pose. Roosval (1918) suggests the personification of night [="Personifikation der Nacht"]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
BU02: human figure - female - holding spindle [Eve or Virgin?]
Scene Description: Shows a woman spinning; in her right hand is the spindle with the thread running above and behind her head and leading over to the left hand which holds the wool (?); she wears a sling type of holder with possibly an infant in it; she could be seated/enthroned. Or, is she a Zodiac sign? the Virgin? Eve?) She has no halo, but what appears to be a cap or coiffed hair. Roosval (1918) suggests the Labours of Hercules for scenes 2-3-4 of the underbowl
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
BU03: virtues and vices - cardinal sins - Lust (Luxuria, Libido)
Scene Description: Figure of Luxuria to the right, naked to the waist and wearing a long skirt; is s/he seated or has s/he a sword to the right? The left arm is bent at the elbow, hand extended, on which rests his head; the right arm projects forward and is bent down at 40* angle over the body of an animal. The figure appears to be a woman with a dragon/serpent or demon at her breast. Roosval (1918) suggests the Labours of Hercules for scenes 2-3-4 of the underbowl
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
BU04: Apostle or saint - St. George and the dragon
Scene Description: The figure on the left is holding a sword in his right hand and a stick or club in his left hand; he is fighting a dragon that has a crocodile-like head. Roosval (1918) suggests the Labours of Hercules for scenes 2-3-4 of the underbowl
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
BU05: Apostle or saint - St. Cyrillus and St. Methodius? - holding candles, crosses or flowers
Scene Description: Two figures seated facing each other, their arms extend forward and hold up two crosses or fleur de lis. The composition on the left - holds cross with right hand on bottom and left in the middle; the person on the right holds the bottom with left and middle with right. SHM describes the held onjects as candles. Appears to be a mirror-like design of the two figures.
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
BU06: human figure - 2 - walking in profile - holding unidentified objects
Scene Description: Two figures standing in profile, facing right, wearing mantles; the figure to the left, has arm bent at elbow, 45* angle, palm extended; the left hand is raised or holding up an object in the background? Torch? Or just the hand? The figure on the right, the left arm holds an object at the middle (long object); the lower part of the object appears cylindrical and the upper part is twisted or braided and is the same length as the other one; it is being held by the figure's right hand. These two figures may be related to the next two in the arch to the right
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
BU07: human figure - 2 - walking in profile
Scene Description: Two figures standing in profile, facing right, wearing priestly robes; one has long hair; the other shows no hair;. both heads are raised up - the back figure has the right hand point up, the left possibly wrapped around his middle holding his mantle. The figure at the front has the right hand stretched downward - palms stretched; his left hand is raised upward and palm open.
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
BU08: human figure - female - symbol - personification of day?
Scene Description: A figure, a woman, full frontal, head turned to the left - looking toward the leftl she is holding a large cloth in front of her; could this be an angel? the wings may be the large folded cloth on either side? Not according to the drawing in Roosval (1918)
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
LBS01: human figure - seated - pointing
Scene Description: Two figures seated or leaning back on this side of the base The figure on the righ, seen in this image, is clearly seated on a decorated chair; the left hand rests on the lap; the right arm, bent at elbow, the index finger pointing across the chest diagonally; the figure leans its head horizontally, indicating that it is looking upward.
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
LBS02: human figure - artisan - sculptor
Scene Description: Figure standing with legs wide apart and wearing trousers; the arms hold a large hammer across the chest; the head is facing right and upward looking at the underbowl [NB: note that SK; Gotland, identifies as warrior about to slain a nearby beast]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
LBS03: human figure - female - seated - orant
LBS04: human figure - female - standing - pointing
Scene Description: the pointing hand appears to be caught in the intertwined tail of the animal on the left; the left arm appears to be holding her garment
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
view of font
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view of basin - underbowl - detail
view of basin - interior
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view of basin - upper view
view of basin - underbowl - detail
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design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - 8 - columns with capitals and bases
design element - motifs - floral or foliage
Scene Description: in some of the spandrels of the arcade [NB: the stobe is much worn; some of the motifs may have been be different, as usually happens in Hegwald's works]
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © Baptisteria Sacra Index, 2023
Image Source: digital image of a photograph taken 24 May 1997 by BSI
Copyright Instructions: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
design element - architectural - arcade - round arches - 8 - columns with capitals and bases
animal - head
design element - motifs - floral or foliage
view of basin - underbowl
Scene Description: a drawing projection of the underbowl iconographic programme -- the surface of the stone was probably not much better than it is now
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image of a drawing by A. Essén, in Roosval (1918: Abb. 117)
Copyright Instructions: PD
view of church exterior - south portal - west side - detail
view of church exterior - south view - detail
view of church exterior - south view - detail
view of church exterior - south portal - detail
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view of church exterior - southeast view
view of church exterior - southwest portal - detail
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view of church exterior - northwest end
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view of font in context
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view of stoup in context
view of church interior - chancel and east end
view of church interior - detail
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view of church interior - pulpit and sounding board
view of church interior - west door
view of church interior - looking west
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view of church interior - pew - detail
view of church interior - nave - detail
view of church interior - nave - painting
view of church interior - nave - looking west
view of font in context
view of church interior - chancel
view of church interior - window - stained glass
view of church interior - window - stained glass
view of church interior - window - stained glass
view of font in context
information
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view of stoup
view of bae - detail
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view of base
design element - motifs - roll moulding
animal - mammal - lion - head - with prey in its jaws - 4
view of base - detail
Scene Description: four such heads, at 90-degree angles on the stem of the base; some of the prey appear to be animal, but the prey held by the head in the centre of this image is human
Copyright Statement: Image copyright © [in the public domain]
Image Source: digital image of a drawing by A. Essén, in Roosval (1918: Abb. 93)
Copyright Instructions: PD
INFORMATION
Font ID: 00172SJO
Object Type: Baptismal Font1
Date Visited: 1997-05-24; 2023-06-03
Font Date: ca. 1160? [Roosval]
Font Century and Period/Style: 12th - 13th century, Late Romanesque
Workshop/Group/Artisan: Hegvald / Hegwald / Hegwald Posthumous [Roosval]
Church / Chapel Name: Sjonhems kyrka
Font Location in Church: Moved from its original location and now stands on the north side of the chancel just west of the altar.
Church Notes: Sjonhem Church is small and has a single nave with the western door now serving as the main entrance, although this was not originally the case. It is clear by its level of ornamentation, that the south door once served as the primary entrance.
Church Address: Sjonhem kyrka, 622 44 Romakloster, Sweden
Site Location: Gotland, Gotlands län, Sweden, Europe
Directions to Site: Located off (N) county road 143, 5 km SE of Romakloster, 20-25 km SE of Visby
Ecclesiastic Region: Visby stift -- Vänge församling
Historical Region: Gotlands norra härad, Halla ting, Gotlands län
Additional Comments: The base has four heads, each has either an human or human-like creature in its mouth; in between the heads sit or stand various figures that redirect the viewer's attention to either the beasts or the scenes under the bowl with gestures; some of the creatures have fangs, others look somewhat human.
Font Notes:
Click to view
Described and illustrated in Sveriges kyrkor: Gotland (Bd. IV, hft. 3: 310-316, and Bd. IV, hft. 6: p. 908, 909) as a cylindrical mounted sandstone baptismal font "by Hegwaldr Posthumus, c. 1160"; an arcade surrounds the basin sides; inside the round arches six scenes that defy interpretation [this same source provides descriptive details of the scenes but not a relational frame or identification -- cf. the Iconographic data section notes for details on the scenes]. The underbowl is also arcaded with a total of eight round arches; the scenes there are described as "Nox, personification of night; person with a staff transformed into a snake; a dragon fraternizing with a warrior; warrior overcoming a dragon; two seated people with crosses; devout wanderers; Dies, personification of day" (ibid., pl. 343 on p. 315). The base has four protruding heads of beasts at 90-degree angles; they are described in the source as "dragons biting animals" and a beast with a man in its jaws" (ibid., pls. 340, 341 on p. 314); next to the beasts are small human figures, male and female, one of them a "man with war-hammer about to slay a beast with a man in its jaws" (ibid.). It is indeed a challenging iconographic program to decipher. A rectangular plinth is also ilustrated in the same source (ibid., pl. 345 on p. 316). In lundberg (1937). In Stenström (1975). Noted and illustrated in the SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910812F2] as a baptismal font made of sandstone in the mid-12th century by Hegvald. On-site notes: site visited over two days; the medieval font stands on a modern two-step plinth; the base has four heads, each has either a human or humanoid-like creature in its mouth/jaws; in between sit or stand various figures who, with their gestures, appear to redirect the viewer's attention to either the beasts or the scenes on the underbowl. The font is made of soft sandstone and the outer surfaces are very worn, which makes the identification of the scenes very difficult [cf. ImagesArea and field notes for a full description of the iconographical programme].
Credit and Acknowledgements: We are grateful to the Svenska Kyrkan staff for their help in providing extraordinary access to this church on our two visits, 2 and 3 June 2023
COORDINATES
UTM: 34V 351379 6374150
Latitude & Longitude (Decimal): 57.485556, 18.520778
Latitude & Longitude (DMS): 57° 29′ 8″ N, 18° 31′ 14.8″ E
MEDIUM AND MEASUREMENTS
Material: stone, sandstone
Number of Pieces: two (plus plinth)
Font Shape: cylindrical, mounted
Basin Interior Shape: round
Basin Exterior Shape: round
Drainage System: centre hole in basin & base
Drainage Notes: the central hole is evident in the upper bowl. - no lining
Rim Thickness: 7-8.5 cm*
Diameter (inside rim): 53-54 cm*
Diameter (includes rim): 67-70 cm* / 69 cm**
Height of Basin Side: 28-30 cm*
Basin Total Height: 46-48 cm*
Height of Base: 33-35 cm*
Font Height (less Plinth): 80-82 cm* / 81 cm**
Font Height (with Plinth): 114-115 cm* (with the two plinths)
Notes on Measurements: * BSI on-site [NB: measurements are a composite of several takings by BSI] / ** SHM Medeltidens bildvärld [ref.: 910812F2]
REFERENCES
- Fåhraeus, Fredrik, "Dopfuntarna, deras tillbehör och placering på Gotland under medeltiden. En inventering.", Stockholm, 1974, p. 49, 61, 65, 111, 113, 115, 119, 120, 171, 182
- Lundberg, Erik, "Problemet Hegvald", 1937
- Lundmark, Efraim, Sveriges kyrkor: Gotland, Stockholm: G. Tisell, 1925-1990, Bd. IV, hft. 3: 310-316, and Bd. IV, hft. 6: p. 908 and pl. 968 on p. 909
- Nordström, Folke, Mediaeval Baptismal Fonts: An Iconographical Study, Stockholm: Universitetet i Umeå, 1984, p. 61, 77
- Roosval, Johnny, Die Steinmeister Gottlands: Eine Geschichte der führenden Taufsteinwerkstätte des schwedischen Mittlealters, ihre Voraussetzungen und Begleit-Erscheinungen, Stockholm: A.-B. C.E. Fritzes K. Hofbokhandel, 1918, p. 67 ff., 69, 74, 90-91, 96
- Stenström, Tore, "Problem rörande Gotlands medeltida dopfuntar", Umeå, 1975, p. 29
- Tuulse, Armin, Romansk konst i Norden, Stockholm: Albert Bonniers Forlag, 1968, p. 87